It is generally perceived that the Muslims only know about warfare, though built a large empire, covering most parts of known world lasting for over thousand years, but their contribution to science and technology for human development is almost insignificant. This is far from truth.
The Muslims are urged to acquired knowledge, not only theological but also in all other branches of knowledge including science and technology. Muslim scholars calculated the angle of the ecliptic; measured the size of the Earth; calculated the precession of the equinoxes; explained, in the field of optics and physics, such phenomena as refraction of light, gravity, capillary attraction, and twilight; and developed observatories for the empirical study of heavenly bodies. They made advances in the uses of drugs, herbs, and foods for medication; established hospitals with a system of interns and externs; discovered causes of certain diseases and developed correct diagnoses of them; proposed new concepts of hygiene; made use of anesthetics in surgery with newly innovated surgical tools; and introduced the science of dissection in anatomy.
Muslims furthered the scientific breeding of horses and cattle; found new ways of grafting to produce new types of flowers and fruits; introduced new concepts of irrigation, fertilization, and soil cultivation; and improved upon the science of navigation. In the area of chemistry, Muslim scholarship led to the discovery of such substances as potash, alcohol, nitrate of silver, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and mercury chloride.
The Muslims are urged to acquired knowledge, not only theological but also in all other branches of knowledge including science and technology. Muslim scholars calculated the angle of the ecliptic; measured the size of the Earth; calculated the precession of the equinoxes; explained, in the field of optics and physics, such phenomena as refraction of light, gravity, capillary attraction, and twilight; and developed observatories for the empirical study of heavenly bodies. They made advances in the uses of drugs, herbs, and foods for medication; established hospitals with a system of interns and externs; discovered causes of certain diseases and developed correct diagnoses of them; proposed new concepts of hygiene; made use of anesthetics in surgery with newly innovated surgical tools; and introduced the science of dissection in anatomy.
Muslims furthered the scientific breeding of horses and cattle; found new ways of grafting to produce new types of flowers and fruits; introduced new concepts of irrigation, fertilization, and soil cultivation; and improved upon the science of navigation. In the area of chemistry, Muslim scholarship led to the discovery of such substances as potash, alcohol, nitrate of silver, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and mercury chloride.
Muslims scientists also developed to a high degree of perfection the arts of textiles, ceramics, and metallurgy.” According to a US study published by the American Association for the Advancement of Science in its Journal on 21 February 2007; ‘Designs on surface tiles in the Islamic world during the Middle Ages revealed their maker’s understanding of mathematical concepts not grasped in the West until 500 years later. Many Medieval Islamic buildings walls have ornate geometric star and polygon or ‘girih’, patterns, which are often overlaid with a swirling network of lines – This girih tile method was more efficient and precise than the previous approach, allowing for an important breakthrough in Islamic mathematics and design.’
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Speech by President Barack Obama in Egypt:
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Documentaries which are related to 1001 Inventions projects:
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1001 Inventions: An introduction and overview1001 Inventions is a unique UK based educational project that reveals the rich heritage that the Muslim community share with other communities across the World.
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Al-Jazari's 800 year old automatic Elephant clock using water technology. An example of the Muslim origins of modern automation and robotics.
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Calligrapher Hasan Celebi
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Professor Salim Al-Hassani delivering key note speech at Jeddah Conference for Knowledge Economy January 2008, Copyright MuslimHeritage.com
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Aljazeera Childrens TV: Coverage of 1001 Inventions Exhibition Glasgow (UK)
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BBC Science Adam Hart Davis presents 1001 Inventions
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Peter Raymond launches Islamic Science Conference September 2003, BAAS British Association for the Advancement of Science
Copyright MuslimHeritage.com 2003
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Professor Ekmelideen Ihsanoglu key note speech at Islamic Science Conference September 2003, BAAS
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